WordPress development environment with Docker
Build fast WordPress development environment with Docker in minutes.
We built a WordPress site for a client ages ago. Fast forward to today, and we're tasked with a much-needed update. The old process? Let's just say it was about as fun as watching paint dry. I realized the painfully slow workflow was a major pain compared to modern development standards. I knew I had to create somewhat automated development environment.. and I chose to do that using Docker.
Setting up WordPress with Docker means you can avoid the hassle of setting up set of server-side software for web applications. Even though Docker isn't made specifically for WordPress, the setup is rather simple. In this guide, we'll look at how to setup WordPress development environment using Docker.
Before you start
Make sure you have Docker installed. You can quickly get started with Docker here.
⚠️ If you're running Linux - you'll also need to manually setup Docker Compose.
Project tree
To keep things lean, we'll avoid loading the entire WordPress source code into a shared volume. This can be a real resource hog! Instead, we'll focus on sharing just the wp-content/
folder. Let's break down the project structure:
wp-dev/
├─ wp-content/
├─ composer.yml
├─ dump.sql (optional)
Go ahead and create the project tree like one above.
⚡ If you have an existing WordPress project that you want to import (like I did), simply copy your
wp-content/
folder and database dump file into the project's root directory.
Configuration
Here is the compose.yml
configuration file for Docker Compose:
version: "3.6"
services:
wordpress:
image: wordpress:latest
container_name: wordpress
volumes:
- ./wp-content:/var/www/html/wp-content
environment:
- WORDPRESS_DB_NAME=wordpress
- WORDPRESS_TABLE_PREFIX=wp_
- WORDPRESS_DB_HOST=db
- WORDPRESS_DB_USER=root
- WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD=password
depends_on:
- db
- phpmyadmin
restart: always
ports:
- 8080:80
db:
image: mariadb:latest
container_name: db
volumes:
- db_data:/var/lib/mysql
# This is optional!!!
- ./dump.sql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/dump.sql
# # #
environment:
- MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=password
- MYSQL_USER=root
- MYSQL_PASSWORD=password
- MYSQL_DATABASE=wordpress
restart: always
phpmyadmin:
depends_on:
- db
image: phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin:latest
container_name: phpmyadmin
restart: always
ports:
- 8180:80
environment:
PMA_HOST: db
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: password
volumes:
db_data:
This is a standard configuration file to create a WordPress development environment. However, I've made a couple of adjustments to tailor it to our specific needs:
volumes: - ./wp-content:/var/www/html/wp-content
: this line syncs your localwp-content/
folder with the container'swp-content/
directory, allowing you to make changes locally and see them reflected in the container../dump.sql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/dump.sql
: will automatically import your database dump file after MySQL server is installed.
Running it
👏 You're almost there! With your compose.yml
file in place, it's time to bring your development environment to life.
Open your terminal and navigate to your project directory. Then, run the magic command:
docker-compose up -d
⚡ This command will create and start all the containers defined in your
compose.yml
file in detached mode, meaning they'll run in the background without interrupting your terminal session.
Quick fix file permissions
Before we dive into your new WordPress development environment, there's one small adjustment to make. Docker has specific rules about file permissions, and the WordPress image is set up in a particular way. To ensure you can easily edit your WordPress files from outside the container, you'll need to change the ownership of the wp-content/
directory. Open your terminal and run the following command, replacing {your-username}
with your actual username:
sudo chown -R {your-username}:{your-username} wp-content
⚡ This command will give you the necessary permissions to work with your WordPress files without any hassle.
Ready!
🥳 Congratulations! Your Dockerized WordPress development environment is up and running.
To access your new WordPress installation, open your web browser and navigate to localhost:8080
. You'll be greeted by the familiar WordPress installation screen (if you imported an existing project source, you'll see your homepage).
Follow the on-screen instructions to complete the setup process. Once you've finished, you'll be able to log in to your WordPress admin dashboard using the credentials you created.